Force-feed lubrication from compressor blade



2. Sheets-Sheet 1 J. R. MQCALLQM Filed Dec. 14.` 1925 s Ccazzu Feb. 8, 1927.

J. R. MGCALLUM FORCE FEED LUBRICATION FROM COMPRESSOR BLADE Filed Dec. 14. 1925 f 2 Sheets-Sheet 2' LLT VELE EF .Jil-mes NCC-QZ/zzzz Patented Feb. s, ,1927.

UNITEDV STATES PATENT oFFicn JAMES 1R. JHIGOALLUMI,` OF CLINTON, IOWA., ASSIGNOR TO CLIMAX ENGINEERING C0., F CLINTON, IOWA, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE. i 1

FORCE-FEED LUBRICATION FROM COMPRESSOR BLADE.'

Application mea-December 14, 1925. serial No. 75,199.

This invention relates to rotary comf pressors and more particularly to-force feed lubricating means governed 'by the recipro- Veating blade of a rotor or piston forming a part of the compressor. l It is an. object of, this invention tto provide a forced feed lubricating mechanism for the moving parts of "a compressor.

.It Jis also an object of this invention to provide a rotary compressor withA a plulrality of control valvesadapted to `govern the flow of oil from the compressor housing into the 'compressor casing to permit the pil entering the casin to be distributed, to the various parts nee ing lubrication, by the action 'of the reciprocating blade carried by the compressor piston or rotor.

It is 'an important o'bject of this invention ato' provide an improved and sim lied sys.

tem of lubricating the parts o a rotary compressor by a forced feed arrangement controlled 4by the reciprocating blade of the lcompressor rotor.

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the -specification and the ccompanying drawings. vThis invention (in :illustrated in the drawings and hereinafterI more fully described. g

On ithe drawings: y Figure 1 'is a longitudinal)verticaLsection taken through a rotary compressor equipped,

y with a forced feed `lubricating mechanism embodying the principles ofthis invention." \Figurel 2` is. a transverse vertical view taken .through a Icompressor,showing ,the compressor shaft )in section and equipped with a modified form of force feed lubricat-` ingmeans., I y

Figure 3 is a fragmentary detail section taken on line III-III of Figure 2, showing l parts in elevation.

. lAs shown on the drawings:

The reference numerall 1 indicates an outer housing of a compressor, said housing adapt- Vis reduced in diameter to afford a bearing extension 5 which is liournalled in a suit' able bearing 6 mounted within the housing 1. The'shank 4 is rotatably mounted within a compressor casing rigidly secured in a preferred form) ia position within the housing 1 by means of 'bolts 7 or other suitable retaining means.

The compressor casing comprises a pair of spaced end plates 8 and 9 separated by a spacing ring 10 and grooved apertured bearing plates or disks 11. The bearing plates 11 are provided with integral bearing sleeves 12 which enclose the ends of the shank portion 4 of the compressor shaft. lThe shank 4 is provided with a longitudinal lubricating passage 13 and with radial passages 14, the inner ends of which communicate with the longitudinal passage 13. The shaft extension 5 is provided with a recess 15, the inner end of which communicates with one end of the. axial passage 13 and aEords a valve seat for a'checkvalvc 16 controlled by means of a. spring 17. f The checkvalve mechanisms are held in place by means of aretaining cap 18 threaded on the reduced' vend of the shaft extension 5. They springl with an integral radially directed blade or vane 21 having ay vplurality of transverse lubricatinggrooves 22 thereinLf The vane is also prov1ded\ with a longitudinal groove -23 which communicates with the transverse grooves 22 and with the longitudinal groove 13 of the compressor shaft. Thefouter end of the groove 23 opens through the end of the blade 21 and communicates with vthe d chamber within the compressor casing ring 10. The inner peripheral 4surface of the piston 20 is provided with a lubricating groove 24 which also communicates with the intake groove 23 in-the blade 21.

The casing end plate 8 is provided with a recess 25 in whichn a valve socket 26 is seated. The inner end of the valve socket is provided with an opening and a valve seat for receiving Van oiliinlet control valve 27. The 'valve 27 is controlled by means of a coil spring 28 engaged around the valvey stem. The valvesocket26 is held in position by -means of an apertured retaining' plate 29 secured to the outer face of the casing end plate'8 by means of screws 30 or other suitable means. The screws 30 also serve to hold anV oil intake screen cap 31 in position upon the outer face of the retaining plate 29. The screen cap 31 pro` f jects into the lubricant 2 Within the hous- 5 ZliVhen the compressor shaft 3 is rotated; by

a suitable driving means, the shank portion rotated, thereby causing the piston 20 to have a continuous rolling contact with the inner l0 periphery of the casing ring 10 thereby 1mparting a reciprocating motion to theblade or vane 21. This operation of the blade 21 produces apumping action in the lower por.-

tion of the compressor casingv so that when the blade moves upwardly, a suction action produced causing opening of the intake control valve 427 thereby permitting the lubricant from the vhousing 1 to be drawn' through the screen cap 31 through the open valve and into the chamber Within the casing ring 10. On the downstroke of the blade 21y the lubricant within the compressor pas ing is compressed thereby causing the intake control valve 27`to be aut-omaticallyclosed.

The lubricant which is compressed is accordingly .forced into the blade passage -23 and then outwardly through the various lubricating passages 22 and also` into the lubricating passages 13 and 14 of the comf 30 pressor shaft. It will thus be seen that lubricant is distributed to parts ofthe compressor requiring lubrication. JThe valve 16 acts as a check valve, permitting escapeL of. oil from the passage 13 when the pressure is excessive and also serves as a. check valve to prevent return of the lubricant from the interior of the housing 1. vIt will thus be seen that a forced feed lubrication system is created adapted to Work lautomatically and depending. upon the operation of .the re-y ciprocating blade 21 of the'compressor.

Figures 2 and 3 cover a modified form of.

the device anddisclose a compressor casing 32 which is adapted to be mounted within a V compressor housingcontaining oil, similar to .fthe arrangement 'illustrated in `'Figure 1. Mounted VWithin the compressor casing is a y compressor lshaft 33 carry-ing van eccentric ,34 around which a compressor'piston is engaged. The `pistonj35-is provided with a radially directed blade orivane36 adapted to Vsidably coafct "with a rocker 37 (mounted within a recess 38 provided inthe lower portion of the compressor'casing. 5 pressor pist-on is provided with lubricating grooves and passages 39 and the bladef3b' 'is ,providedwith lubricating passages v40. Seatcd within a suitable recess-41 provided in the v 'jlower lportion of the compressor housing .is a

valve .socket 42 provided with an opening and a valve seat against which an intake control valve 43 is adapted to seat. The intake control valve 43 is normally held in closed position by means of a control spiral spring 44 engaged around they valve stem.

4 and the eccentric 19 formed thereonare The com- In the modified form of the device. as

shown in Figures 2 and 3 the operation is similar to that described in connection with .the'compressor shown in Figure 1. In the modified form the blade 36 is adapted to be reciprocated when the compressor shaft 33 is rotated, thereby causing a pumping action to take place in the compressor casing 32. When the blade 36 is elevated, a suction action is produced thereby causing automatic opening of the control valve 43 to permit lubricant from the compressor housing to be drawn through the valve socktet 42 into the recess 38 of the compressorcasing. When the blade 36 moves downwardly, the valve 43 is automatically closed and the lubricant Within the casing is compressed, thereby .causing the lubricant` to be forced into the lubricating passages 40of` the blade 36 and then through the lubricating passages 39 of the rotor for vdistributionto'the parts of the ycompressor requiring lubrication.

It Will thus be seen that an improved and f I am .aware that many changes may be.' I

lmade, and numerous details of construction may be varied through a Wide range Without departing from the principles of this invention, and I therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon, otherwise than necessitated *byv the prior'art.

I claim as my invention:y

41. 'I he 'combination with a compressor housing containing a lubricant, of a coinpressor'casing mounted therein, a passagedA compressor shaft in said casing projecting lubricant from" said housing into said cas-y "ing by suctionand then automatically close ,the valve and force the admitted lubricant outn-ardly through said housing, an eccen-f through the passages of said blade and shaft, 'f

to lubricate the compressor parts. p

2. The combination with a. compressor housingcontaining a bath of lubricant, ofl

"/.a compressor casing mounted therein, acontrol valve in said casing controlling the `flow of lubricant from lsaid housing into the cas#` i ,ing, ofa piston in said'casing,` an eccentric Within said piston for operating'the same, and a passaged blade 'on said piston` adapted to bev reciprocated to cause automatic operation of said valve and a force feed of the .lubricant to the operating parts-'of the compressor. f v

3. The combination with a compressor housing containing a bath of lubricant, of a casing therein, a valve in said easing, a grooved reciprocating piston blade in said casing for controlling the operation of said valve, and a grooved eccentric shaft adapted to be rotated to actuate ythe piston blade to first cause lubricant from the housing to be f drawn into the casing by suction and then cause the admitted lubricant to be distributed by pressure through the casing.

4. rlhe combination with a compressor casing and the reciprocating piston blade thereof, of a valve in said casing adapted to be governed by the operation of said piston blade, and an eccentric shaft adapted to be rotated to actuate the -piston blade to permita lubricant to be drawn into the casing by suction and then distributed through the casing by force feed.

5. The combination with a compressor housing containing a bath of lubricant, of a casing mounted therein, a piston in said casing, a passa-ged eccentric shaft mechanism for operating the piston, a relief valve connected with said passaged eccentric shaft, a passaged blade formed on said piston, and a lubricant intake valve in said casing governed by the operation of said blade to permit lubricant to be automatically admitted by suction into the casing and then distributed by forced feed through the passages of said blade and shaft to the operating parts of the compressor, said relief valve permitting escape of the lubricant when the pressure becomes excessive.

6. The combination with a compressor housing containing a lubricant, of a compressor casing mounted therein, a passaged shaft in said casing, a control valve in said shaft, a` piston surrounding said shaft, a passaged'blade on said piston adapted to be reciprocated When the shaft is rotated, -and acontrol valve connected ywith the casing adapted to be operated by the act-ion of said` blade to permit oil tov be admitted into the casing to be distributed by force feed by the'action of said assaged blade.

' 7. The combination with a compressor and a 1'eeiproeating`piston blade thereof, of' a valve in the compressor adapted to be controlled by the operation of said piston blade to permit the compressor to be lubricated by forced feed. f

8. The combination with a compressor housing containing a bath of oil, of a compressor casing mounted Within said housing. a reciprocating blade forming a part of said compressor, a spring controlled valve in said casing, a screen connected with said valve to permit the oil to be filtered before passing through ythe valve, said blade ada-pted to govern the operation of said valve to first draw lubricant from said housing through said screen and valve into said casing and then distribute the admitted lubricant by forced feed to the operating parts of the compressor.

9. The combination with a compressor and the reciprocating blade thereof, of a valve mechanism mounted on said compressor adapted to be automatir ally actuated by the operation of said reciprocating blade to cause a lubricant to be drawn through said valve by suction and then distributed through the compressor by compression.

10. The combination with a compressor and the reciprocating piston blade thereof, of a plurality of valves on the compressor adapted to be governed by the operation of said piston blade to permit a lubricant to enter the compressor and be distributed therethrough by forced feed due to the action of said reciprocating blade.

11. The combination with a compressor and the piston blade thereof, of an eccentric shaft for operating the piston blade, and a valve mechanism governed by theoperation of said blade to permit lubricant to be drawn into the compressor by suction and then distributed by compression due to the action of said blade.

12. The combination with a compressor embodying a piston and a blade co-operating therewith reciprocating in a lubricant, of passages and valve mechanism associated with said blade whereby lubricant is pumped thereto under pressure to lubricate relatively' movable contacting parts of said'compressor.

13. The combination with a compressor casing, of a piston therein having rolling contact therewith, a passaged eccentric in said piston, a passaged shaft for rotating the eccentric to cause operation of the piston. a-valve in said shaft, a second valve in said casing, and a passaged blade on said piston co-acting with the casing to perform its usual and normalfunction in the compressor and also act as the piston for the forced feed lubricatingI mechanism.

14. The combination with a compressor casing, of a rotatable eccentric therein, a valve in said casing, a piston surrounding said eccentric and having rolling contact with the interior of said casing, and a blade formed on said piston adapted to coact with the casingto compress and discharge a liquid and alsov adapted to automatically control the operation of said valve to cause a lubricant to be distributed by force feed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto i subscribed my name.

i JAMES R. MCCALLUM. 

